在现代汉语网络交际中，“X型人格”构式因为使用频繁、能灵活扩展，成为了流行语体系的重要组成部分，如“I人/E人”“表演型人格”“奖励型人格”等表达在社交平台与日常对话中都常能见到。本文基于构式语法理论，结合真实语料，从构式认定与构件分析、形成机制与语义演变、语用功能与交际价值、流行动因四个核心角度，对“X型人格”构式做了系统梳理。研究发现，该构式起源于心理学术语的日常泛化，其核心语义已从“专业人格分类”演变为“个体特质标签的总结”，还具有了社交破冰、共情表达等多元语用功能。本文研究可为网络流行构式的语言学分析提供典型案例，助力理解当代汉语词汇演变的内在逻辑。

In modern Chinese online communication, the "X-type personality" construction has become a key component of the system of popular expressions due to its frequent use and capacity for flexible expansion; expressions such as "I-person/E-person," "performative personality," and "reward-oriented personality" are commonly encountered on social media platforms and in everyday conversation. Based on Construction Grammar theory and supported by authentic corpus data, this paper provides a systematic overview of the "X-type personality" construction from four core perspectives: construction identification and component analysis, formation mechanisms and semantic evolution, pragmatic functions and communicative value, and the drivers of its popularity. The study finds that this construction originated from the everyday generalization of psychological terminology; its core meaning has evolved from a "professional personality classification" into a "summary of individual trait labels," while it has also acquired diverse pragmatic functions, such as facilitating social ice-breaking and expressing empathy. This research provides a typical case for the linguistic analysis of online popular constructions and contributes to understanding the underlying logic of the evolution of contemporary Chinese vocabulary.