英雄叙事类成语以历史或传说中的英雄人物及其典型事件为叙事内核，在四字格中凝结“事件—精 神—价值”的多层意义，是国际中文教育中兼具语言难度与文化深度的教学对象。本文以《中华成语大词 典》《汉语成语源流大词典》为语料来源，筛得 386 条英雄叙事类成语，描写其结构、语义、语法与情感 特征，分析其文化内涵与主题分布；结合母语迁移、文化图式缺失与隐喻映射不稳等二语习得机制，讨论 学习者的理解与产出难点，并提出语境化输入、隐喻显性化、跨文化对比与任务型输出相结合的教学策略。

Heroic narrative idioms take historical or legendary heroes and their exemplary deeds as their narrative core, condensing an “event–spirit–value” structure into four-character expressions. They are linguistically challenging and culturally rich materials for international Chinese language education. Based on 386 such idioms collected from two major Chinese idiom dictionaries, this paper describes their structural, semantic, grammatical and evaluative features, and analyzes their cultural connotations and thematic distribution. Drawing on first-language transfer, cultural schema gaps and unstable metaphorical mapping, it discusses learners’ difficulties in comprehension and production. It then proposes teaching strategies that integrate contextualized input, explicit metaphor instruction, cross-cultural comparison and task-based output, arguing for a shift from “telling the story” to “using the idiom.”