本文主要梳理了第二次希波战争中的重要战役温泉关之战的背景、具体进程和结局，简单探究了战役前后希腊文化产生的一些变化。在经过探究后本文发现，温泉关之战后，希腊文化中至少存在英雄主义得到升华、自由精神觉醒这两点不同。总而言之，温泉关之战是希腊文化发展的重要转折点，对希腊文化核心价值观、艺术创作、思想学术等方面都产生深远持久影响，同时也是希腊和西方文化中英雄主义和自由精神的象征.

This paper mainly reviews the background, specific course, and outcome of the Battle of Thermopylae—a pivotal engagement in the Second Greco‑Persian War—and briefly examines certain changes in Greek culture before and after the battle. Through this investigation, the paper finds that at least two notable transformations occurred in Greek culture following the Battle of Thermopylae: the sublimation of heroism and the awakening of the spirit of freedom. In sum, the Battle of Thermopylae constituted an important turning point in the development of Greek culture, exerting a profound and lasting influence on Greek cultural core values, artistic creation, and intellectual and scholarly thought. It has also become a symbol of heroism and the spirit of freedom in both Greek and Western culture.