拒绝言语行为作为一种典型的威胁面子行为，是人际交往中不可回避的重要语用现象，兼具普遍性和文化特殊性。本文基于言语行为理论、礼貌原则及面子理论，构建“面子威胁强度—关系距离—权利差序”三维分析框架，对汉语拒绝言语行为的语用分类及其委婉调节机制进行系统分析。研究发现，汉语拒绝言语行为的实施受到交际双方社会关系、情境正式程度及文化价值取向的共同制约，其委婉表达主要通过模糊限制语、理由补偿机制、礼貌缓冲策略及间接暗示等方式实现。研究进一步揭示了汉语拒绝策略在跨文化交际中的动态适应规律，并为对外汉语语用教学及跨文化交际能力培养提供了理论依据与实践启示。

This paper investigates Chinese refusal speech acts from the perspectives of pragmatic classification and facework regulation. Drawing upon speech act theory, politeness theory, and Brown and Levinson’s face theory, it proposes a three-dimensional analytical framework incorporating face-threatening intensity, interpersonal distance, and power relations. The study systematically examines the pragmatic categorization and euphemistic mitigation strategies of refusal acts in Chinese. The findings reveal that Chinese refusal behavior is dynamically constrained by social relationships, contextual formality, and cultural expectations, and is commonly realized through hedging devices, justificatory compensation, politeness buffering, and indirect implication. This study contributes to Chinese pragmatic research and offers pedagogical implications for teaching Chinese as a foreign language and intercultural communicative competence development.