现代汉语反义词是现代汉语词类的重要组成部分，是现代汉语词汇系统中较为复杂的一类，在对外汉语教学中占据着重要地位。现代汉语反义词是自然界和人类社会中客观事物的矛盾对立的反映。首先，本文对现代汉语词汇系统中反义词的相关教材和教学过程中学生对反义词的使用进行情况调查。其次，通过考察《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》的要求与处理、以及初级《发展汉语》教材、中级《发展汉语》教材、高级《发展汉语》教材内容的练习设计，发现反义词的教学是一个相对薄弱的环节，因此对反义词教学研究需要进一步深入。本文从反义词、以及反义词的不平衡性出发，对反义词的不平衡性现象进行搜集整理后，再描述反义词不平衡性现象并找出反义词不平衡的成因。最后提出对外汉语教学中反义词，以及反义词不平衡性的教学策略和教学原则，从而提高对外汉语教学中反义教学的效率。

Modern Chinese antonyms are an important part of modern Chinese speech class and a more complex kind of modern Chinese vocabulary system, which plays an important role in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The antonym of modern Chinese is the reflection of the contradiction between the objective things in nature and human society. First of all, this paper investigates the use of antonyms by middle school students in the relevant textbooks and teaching process of modern Chinese vocabulary system. Secondly, through the investigation of the requirements and treatment of the International Chinese Education Level Level Standards, the practice design of the elementary and advanced textbooks of Developing Chinese, it is found that the teaching of antonyms is a relatively weak link, so the research on antonyms teaching needs to be further in-depth. This paper starts from antonyms and the unbalance of antonyms, and then describes the unbalance of antonyms and finds out the causes of the unbalance of antonyms. Finally, the author puts forward the teaching strategies and principles of antonyms and antonyms unbalance in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, so as to improve the efficiency of teaching antonyms as a foreign language.