At present, with its communication characteristics such as fragmentation and interactivity, short videos have deeply penetrated into the study and life of college students, and are highly consistent with their cognitive habits, becoming a new carrier for cultivating patriotic feelings. This paper analyzes the logic of short videos promoting the internalization of patriotic identity through mechanisms such as emotional resonance and scene immersion, affirms its unique value in expanding educational time and space and strengthening emotional transmission, and points out the existing dilemmas including uneven content quality, algorithmic "information cocoons", insufficient supervision and weak collaboration. To this end, this paper constructs a "four-in-one" path featuring platform optimization of the ecological environment, creators improving content quality, universities deepening guidance, and college students strengthening their subjective consciousness, so as to help short videos become a "new red position" for cultivating college students' patriotic feelings.