本文以“标记理论”为研究综述的主题，该理论应用领域十分广泛，尤其是语言学方面。本文首先对国内汉语学界和外语学界中关于标记理论的发展情况进行了较为全面的综述，并从标记理论的定义、标记概念的涵义、有无标记项的判别标准和标记现象的成因解释四个方面重点综述了关于标记理论的研究成果。重点从反义词的标记性、形容词的标记性、外语教学和二语习得研究等方面说明标记理论的应用情况。

This paper takes "Markedness Theory" as the theme of the research review. The theory has a wide range of application fields, especially in linguistics. Firstly, it provides a comprehensive review of the development of Markedness Theory in the domestic Chinese academic circle and foreign language academic circle. It also focuses on summarizing the research achievements of Markedness Theory from four aspects: the definition of Markedness Theory, the connotation of the marked concept, the criteria for distinguishing marked and unmarked items, and the explanation of the causes of marked phenomena. Furthermore, it elaborates on the application of Markedness Theory with emphasis on the markedness of antonyms, the markedness of adjectives, foreign language teaching, and second language acquisition research.