关 键 词 :网络流行语;“包的/包XX的”;语义分析;句法功能;语用特点学科分类:语言学--社会语言学
2024年度“十大网络流行语”之一的“包的/包XX的”,因游戏博主直播用语走红,其结构以“包”(表“保证、肯定”)加“的”或“XX的”构成,具有语义强化、句法灵活、语用丰富等特点。语义上,“包”强调说话者对行为、属性或范围的肯定承诺,“XX”可替换为动词、形容词等,语境不同语义多样;句法上,该结构常作谓语或独立语,可单独使用或与其他成分搭配;语用上,具备经济性、社交性、语境依赖性及强调功能,能提升交际效率、传递情感态度。其流行源于简洁高效、实用性强、契合积极价值观,且受网络平台推动。但因新鲜感消退、正式场合使用受限及群体接受度差异,该结构难以长期流行。
The internet buzzword "包的 / 包 XX 的" (Bāo de/Bāo XX de), one of the "Top 10 Internet Buzzwords of 2024", gained popularity through a gaming blogger's live-streaming language. The structure is composed of "包" (meaning "guarantee" or "affirm") plus "的" or "XX 的", featuring strengthened semantics, flexible syntax, and rich pragmatic functions. Semantically, "包" emphasizes the speaker's affirmative commitment to actions, attributes, or scopes, with "XX" replaceable by verbs, adjectives, etc., and diverse meanings in different contexts. Syntactically, it often serves as a predicate or independent element, used alone or in combination with other components. Pragmatically, it has the characteristics of economy, sociability, context-dependency, and emphasis, enhancing communication efficiency and conveying emotional attitudes. Its popularity stems from its conciseness, high practicality, alignment with positive values, and promotion by online platforms. However, due to fading freshness, limited use in formal contexts, and differences in group acceptance, this structure is difficult to remain popular for a long time.