本文以鲁迅小说《祝福》与《伤逝》为核心文本，结合女性主义理论与社会性别视角，深入剖析祥林嫂与子君两位女性形象在传统伦理束缚下的主体意识觉醒及其局限性。研究指出，祥林嫂的反抗源于生存本能，子君的觉醒则带有启蒙色彩，但二者均未能突破父权制与阶级社会的双重桎梏。鲁迅通过对比二者的命运，揭示了女性解放的复杂性与社会变革的迫切性。本文进一步结合当代女性主义实践，探讨传统伦理与现代性规训的共谋关系，为当代女性主体性建构提供历史镜鉴与理论启示。

This paper takes Lu Xun's novels "Blessing" and "Sinking" as the core texts, and combines feminist theory with the perspective of gender to deeply analyze the awakening of the subject consciousness and its limitations of the two female characters, Xianglin's wife and Zijun, under the constraints of traditional ethics. Research indicates that Xianglin's wife's resistance originated from her survival instinct, while Zijun's awakening had an enlightenment flavor. However, neither of them could break through the dual shackles of patriarchy and class society. By comparing the fates of the two, Lu Xun revealed the complexity of women's liberation and the urgency of social change. This article further combines contemporary feminist practices to explore the co-conspiratorial relationship between traditional ethics and modern discipline, providing historical references and theoretical inspirations for the construction of contemporary female subjectivity.