如今，《呼啸山庄》被公认为一部不朽的传世佳作，艾米莉也因此广受赞誉，被誉为唯一能与莎士比亚齐名的伟大作家。然而，对于小说主人公希刺克厉夫，人们的评价却众说纷纭。尽管有少数评论家对他的行为表示理解与同情，认为他的复仇是遭受不公待遇后的正常反应，但大多数评论家都指责他的复仇毫无人性，称他为“魔鬼”。小说的主题围绕复仇和人性扭曲展开，但这些观点都过于片面和笼统。本文旨在从行为主义心理学的角度，深入剖析希刺克厉夫灵魂扭曲的原因。行为主义心理学是美国现代心理学的主要流派之一，也是对西方心理学影响最大的流派之一，其创始人是美国心理学家华生。行为主义心理学主张以客观的方法研究人类行为，从而预测和控制有机体的行为。从这一角度研究希刺克厉夫，能让人们更深入地了解他乃至整部作品。

Today, Wuthering Heights is widely regarded as an immortal masterpiece, and Emily Brontë, thus acclaimed, is honored as the only great writer comparable to Shakespeare. However, opinions on the novel’s protagonist, Heathcliff, are divided. While a few critics express understanding and sympathy for his actions, arguing that his revenge is a natural response to unfair treatment, most condemn his revenge as inhumane, labeling him a "devil." The novel’s themes revolve around revenge and the distortion of human nature, but these perspectives are overly one-sided and general. This paper aims to delve into the causes of the distortion of Heathcliff’s soul from the perspective of behaviorist psychology.Behaviorist psychology is one of the major schools of modern psychology in the United States and one of the most influential schools in Western psychology, founded by the American psychologist John B. Watson. It advocates studying human behavior through objective methods to predict and control the behavior of organisms. Analyzing Heathcliff from this perspective can provide a deeper understanding of him and the entire work.