本文旨在探讨河南固始方言的独特性，该方言受地理和历史等多重因素影响，融合了中原官话、西南官话以及江淮官话的特点。固始方言不仅包含北方方言的通用词汇，还保留了一些独特词汇，区别于其他方言或普通话。以固始方言中广泛使用的“俏巴”一词为例，文章通过内省和田野调查，从语义、句法、语用三个角度对该词汇的独特性进行共时描述，以揭示固始方言词汇的独特之处，力求真实、准确地展现固始方言的全貌。

This paper aims to explore the uniqueness of Henan Gushi dialect, which is influenced by multiple factors such as geography and history, and integrates the characteristics of Central Plains Mandarin, Southwest Mandarin and Jianghuai Mandarin. The Gushi dialect not only contains the common vocabulary of the northern dialects, but also retains some unique vocabulary, which is different from other dialects or Mandarin. Taking the word "Qiaoba" widely used in Gushi dialect as an example, this paper describes the uniqueness of the word from three perspectives of semantics, syntax and pragmatics through introspection and field investigation, so as to reveal the uniqueness of the words of Gushi dialect and try to show the whole picture of Gushi dialect truly and accurately.