本文探讨专精特新企业参与标准制定对其专利行为的影响，旨在提升自主创新能力与优化专利策略。在我国高质量发展背景下，中小企业技术创新能力的提升至关重要。专利作为创新成果与市场竞争优势的核心，其动态属性给中小企业带来高风险。因此，优化专利行为，实现从数量到质量的跃升，是推动技术进步与经济发展的关键。本研究将企业专利行为分为实质性与策略性两类，并分析市场主导型与政府主导型标准制定对其影响。结果显示，市场主导型标准制定对两类专利行为均有显著正向影响，而政府主导型则对实质性专利行为产生负向影响，对策略性专利行为影响不显著。基于以上分析，本文提出如下管理启示：企业应积极参与市场主导型标准制定以提升创新质量与专利策略；政府应审慎调整标准政策，避免抑制实质性创新，并加强对策略性专利行为的引导；企业应结合自身特点，合理选择参与标准制定的方式，以优化专利行为、提升技术创新能力，推动技术进步与经济高质量发展。

This paper examines the impact of specialized and new enterprises' participation in standard-setting on their patenting behavior, with the aim of improving their independent innovation capability and optimizing their patenting strategy. In the context of China's high-quality development, improving the technological innovation capability of SMEs is crucial. Patents, as the core of innovative achievements and competitive advantages in the market, bring high risks to SMEs due to their dynamic characteristics. Therefore, optimizing patenting behavior to achieve a leap from quantity to quality is the key to promoting technological progress and economic development. This study classifies firms' patenting behavior into two categories: substantive and strategic, and analyzes the impact of market-led and government-led standard-setting on it. The results show that market-led standardization has a significant positive impact on both types of patenting behavior, while government-led standardization has a negative impact on substantive patenting behavior and an insignificant impact on strategic patenting behavior. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes the following management insights: enterprises should actively participate in market-driven standard-setting to improve innovation quality and patent strategy; the government should prudently adjust standard-setting policy to avoid inhibiting substantive innovation and strengthen the guidance of strategic patenting behavior; enterprises should take into account their own characteristics and rationally choose the way of participating in standard-setting to optimize patenting behavior, improve technological innovation capability, and promote technological progress and high-quality economic development. Enterprises should rationally choose the way to participate in standard setting according to their own characteristics, so as to optimize patenting behavior, enhance technological innovation capability, and promote technological progress and high-quality economic development.