摘要/Abstract

雷蒙德•威廉斯是英国文化研究的重要奠基者之一。他坚持把对文化的理解置于物质生产和物质条件的背景之中，通过日常的表征和实践来进行。他反对庸俗马克思主义将整个社会机械地划分为经济基础与上层建筑的二元对立理论，他强调文化并不仅仅是经济基础的反应或者结果，而本身就是物质性而且是生产性的。这就意味着文化不再仅仅是作为一个高高在上的观念，而应被视为活生生的总体社会过程。

Raymond Williams is one of the most important founders of British cultural studies, the famous Marxist cultural theorist and cultural critic in the 20th century. As his student, Eagleton, has been called, “he’s almost single-handedly transformed the study of culture from a rougher state into an exceptionally rich, resource-rich area of research, and so irreversibly changed the mind and political landscape of Britain, so that tens of thousands of students and colleagues and readers had been given to him for a long time.”In the cultural studies of Williams and the Marxist cultural theory, the cultural materialist theory is certainly the core of it, and the redefining of the concept of “culture” is the cornerstone of the building of the Williams cultural theory building. To this end, this paper will include Williams’ reconstruction of the concept of “culture” in order to explore the core concept of cultural materialism.