摘要/Abstract

指示代词的二分现象（近指和远指）和三分现象（近指、中指和远指），一直以来就备受学者们关注。本研究通过实证考察湖南平江长寿方言中指示代词的用法，探究了距离和数量两个因素对指示代词使用的影响。研究发现，长寿方言中存在近指、中指和远指三类指示代词，距离是影响指示代词使用的最重要因素；而在控制距离的条件下，改变物品的数量对指示代词的使用影响并不大。本研究认为，长寿方言的第三个指示代词并不是之前第一或第二个指示代词的替换或重置，长寿方言指示代词系统属于三分系统。

It has triggered abundant attention from many linguists all the time whether the demonstrative pronouns in some language belong to binary system or tripartite system. As for the existence of trisection Chinese dialect, many scholars drew conclusions from describing the phenomenon, listing some examples or their senses of the dialects. There was a desperate lack of empirical studies on this topic. Only Jing and Abe (2011) made an empirical study on the demonstrative pronouns in Sichuan dialect. But they took only distance into consideration, while the number of objects was not considered. Based on the empirical study (the influence of distance was considered) carried out by Jing and Abe (2011), and the number of objects (Chu and Deng, 2003), 22 scenes were set in present study to investigate the effects of two variables ( distance and the number of objects) in the actual use of demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect. The research questions are as follows:1) What role does distance play in the actual use of demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect? 2) What role does object number play on the actual use of demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect? 3) Do the demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect belong to binary or tripartite system? The experimental results are as follows: 1) There are three demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect. Distance is the most important factor that influences the use of the three demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect, yi (this) is often used to refer to the proximal, ko (that) is often used to refer to the medial, n(that) is often used to refer to the distal. 2) The object number made little difference in the use of demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect. 3).The demonstrative pronouns in Changshou dialect belonged to tripartite system.