摘要/Abstract

本论文以不同时期的芥川的历史小说《鼻》、《芋粥》、《大石内藏助的一天》、《秋山图》为研究对象，研究意义在于考察主人公的理想性和主体性的变化。这是以往的研究者较少关注的问题。本论文参考拉康的欲望理论，即欲望的本质是欠缺，分析《鼻》《芋粥》主人公理想形成的原因，人的欲望本质是他者的欲望，分析《大石内藏助的一天》主人公理想形成的原因，欲望必然要超越现实，分析《秋山图》中主人公对理想的放弃，在考察理想性的同时考察主人公主体性的状态。结合这四部作品，得出芥川历史小说中主人公的理想性减弱，主体性增强的结论。

This paper takes the four historical fiction in different periods《Nose》, 《TARO CONGEE》,《One day of Nyizou Dayisi》and 《Qiushan painting》as the research object. The significance of the study is to examine the change of the hero's ideality and subjectivity. This is a matter of concern to previous researchers. This paper refers to Lacan's theory of desire, that is, the essence of desire is the lack of analysis of the 《Nose》《TARO CONGEE》, the ideality of the protagonist of the reasons for the desire of human nature is the desire of others, analysis of《One day of Nyizou Dayisi》hero ideality. The reasons for the formation of desire must go beyond the reality, analysis of《Qiushan painting》in the protagonist of the ideal to give up, in the study of the ideality at the same time examine the subjective state of the hero. Combined with these four works, we can draw the conclusion that the protagonist 's ideality in Akashihama' s historical novels is weakened and the subjectivity is enhanced.