摘要/Abstract

词类是一个传统的术语，表示一种语言中一些在语法上有区别的词的主要类别。目前词类的划分主要从意义、形态、语法功能三个方面，但是三种方法各有利弊，迄今为止语言学家也没有一个统一的标准来划分词类。而名词、动词、形容词作为三大主要词类，也是开放词类，在词类划分方面也存在一些分歧。尤其是形容词自身的居间性使得划分更为困难。类型学的研究表明，名词、形容词、动词是一个连续体，形容词处于名词和动词的中间位置，相邻之间的界限模糊，这也为我们以后划分词类提供了新的思路。

A part of speech is a traditional term referring to a category of some grammatically distinct words in a certain language. At present the classification of parts of speech is mainly based on the meaning, morphology, and grammatical function of words. But all the three methods have advantages and disadvantages, and so far there is still no uniform standard to divide the parts of speech. There is also disagreement about the classification of three major parts of speech, also open classes, i.e. nouns, verbs, and adjectives, especially adjectives, whose middle property makes it more difficult to be classified. Typology studies show that nouns, adjectives and verbs are a cline, with adjectives being located between nouns and verbs, blurring the boundaries between them. These studies provide a new way for our future classification of parts of speech.