摘要/Abstract

变量是心理学实证研究中的核心概念，是研究所要探讨的因素，分为存在变量和引发变量两种类型；心理学实证研究的逻辑起点是变量，本质是研究变量之间的相互关系；根据变量间的关系，把心理学实证研究分为相关研究和因果研究两种类型，探讨存在变量与存在变量之间的关系，主要是相关研究，探讨引发变量与引发变量之间的关系，主要是因果研究；不同类型的心理学实证研究，需要采用不同的研究设计和统计方法。

Variable is the core concept in empirical research of psychology,which is to explore the factors that can be divided into two types,i.e.existing variable and induced variable.In empirical research of psychology,the basic logical starting point is variable,and the nature of research is the relationship between variables.According to the relationship between variables,psychological empirical research can be divided into two types,i.e.correlation research and causality research;the former is applied to study the relationship between two existing variables and the latter is applied to study the causality between two induced variables.Different types of psychological empirical researchs need to adopt different research designs and statistical methods.