摘要/Abstract

摘要： 听力的获得必须依靠大量的自主训练。建构主义和元认知理论为听力自主学习提供坚实的理论基础。正确而有效的训练策略是听力能力形成的有力保证。因此，本文先阐述建构主义和元认知两大理论依据，然后提出语音听辨训练，精听训练，泛听训练，无意识听力训练四个策略，最后要学习者在平时训练时注意了解和掌握必要的英美文化背景知识，同时也要丰富听的语言环境。这样，学习者才能事半功倍，获得高超的听力水平。

Abstract: It is by doing more listening autonomously that learners can have a high level of listening. Constructivism and meta-cognition are the basic theoretic places of self-access in listening .Also, it is dispensable for learners to practice listening with effective strategies .Thus, in this essay, and the author provides learners with two theories: Constructivism and meta-cognition . It also provides with four strategies: the training of pronunciation distinguishing; the training of intensive listening; the training of extensive listening; the training of unconsciousness listening. In the end the author asks learners to be well informed with some culture knowledge of British and America. Besides, learners should be abundant of language experience .By those means learners can yield twice the result with half the effort in obtaining a high level of listening