本论文聚焦于越南语和汉语中的量词体系，深入剖析越南语量词 “lần” 与汉语量词 “次”“趟”“倍”“遍” 的异同。量词作为两种语言重要的语法构成要素，其使用方式存在显著差异。通过对这些量词在语义表达、语法功能、语用特征以及认知基础方面的细致分析，结合大量真实语料与具体案例，揭示其在句子构建、语言交流以及文化思维映射中的作用机制，旨在为越南语与汉语的互学群体提供清晰的量词使用指引，同时为语言教学、翻译实践及跨文化交际研究提供理论参考与实践依据。

This paper focuses on the classifier systems in Vietnamese and Chinese, providing an in-depth analysis of the similarities and differences between the Vietnamese classifier “lần” and the Chinese classifiers “次”, “趟”, “倍”, and “遍”. As essential grammatical elements in both languages, classifiers exhibit significant differences in usage patterns. Through a detailed examination of their semantic expressions, grammatical functions, pragmatic features, and cognitive bases, combined with extensive authentic corpora and concrete examples, this study uncovers the mechanisms by which classifiers contribute to sentence construction, language communication, and the mapping of cultural cognition. The findings aim to provide clear guidance on classifier usage for learners of Vietnamese and Chinese, while also offering theoretical references and practical implications for language teaching, translation practice, and cross-cultural communication research.