关 键 词 :严复,“群学”,教育观,“三民”学科分类:社会学--社会学理论
严复作为近代中国重要的启蒙思想家,其教育思想深深植根于民族危机与现代化转型的历史语境之中。在“群学”视角下,严复提出“合群保种”为教育救国的核心要义,强调通过教育强化民族凝聚力,实现国家与民族的延续与振兴。他敏锐地洞察到中国积弱的根源在于国民“民力”、“民智”、“民德”的不足,并提出以“三民”为核心的教育体系来全面提升国民素养。在这一体系中,实业教育被赋予关键地位。严复认为实业教育将科学和生产结合,增强社会财富积累,重塑国民理性思维与公共精神,进而实现“厚民生”与“保国种”。这一思想不仅回应了晚清的危机,也为今日教育改革与人才培养提供了启示。
Yan Fu, as an important enlightenment thinker in modern China, rooted his educational philosophy deeply in the historical context of national crisis and modernization transformation. From the perspective of 'group learning', he proposed that 'collective unity and preserving the race' is the core essence of education for national salvation, emphasizing the strengthening of national cohesion through education to achieve the continuation and revitalization of the state and nation. He keenly observed that the root of China's weakness lay in the insufficiency of the people's 'national strength', 'national wisdom', and 'national morality', and proposed an educational system centered around the 'Three People's Principle' to comprehensively elevate the quality of the citizenry. In this system, industrial education was given a key position. Yan Fu believed that industrial education combines science and production to enhance the accumulation of social wealth, reshape the rational thinking and public spirit of the citizens, and ultimately realize 'enhanced citizen livelihood' and 'preservation of the nation’s race'. This thought not only addresses the crisis of the late Qing Dynasty but also provides insights for today's educational reform and talent cultivation.