“的”是现代汉语中语法作用最强的的虚词之一，也是汉语二语者在习得汉语的过程中使用最多的虚词，是对外汉语教学的重点。同时，虚词“的”用法灵活且功能多样，在习得过程中难度较大，也是对外汉语教学的难点。因此，对虚词“的”进行对外汉语教学方面的研究具有重要的意义。针对于多功能虚词“的”，本文首先对其进行语言本体方面的分析，随后以HSK语料库中的偏误例句为基础分析汉语二语者在习得“的”的过程中出现的偏误类型并分析偏误产生的原因。最后，本文对虚词“的”的对外汉语教学提出具体的教学建议。

The word "de" is one of the most grammatically significant function words in modern Chinese, and it is also the most used function word by second language learners, which is the key grammar point. Moreover, the use of "的" is flexible and multi-functional, which makes it difficult to learn, and it is also a difficult grammar point. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct research on teaching Chinese as a foreign language with the function word "de". This paper firstly analyzes the linguistic ontology of the "de", and then analyzes the types of errors that occur in the process of learning "de" by second language learners and the reasons for the errors, based on the example sentences of errors in the HSK corpus. The paper also research the causes of the errors. Finally, this paper also puts forward specific suggestions for teaching the function word "de" .