二十世纪六十年代，我国社会主义建设在探索中曲折发展，农村人民公社化运动在此背景下应运而生。农村人民公社化运动发起的原因是国内外多种因素交织合力作用下的结果，促使其运动发起的原因可从外因和内因两个视角进行探析。外因是指国际形势，主要包括资本主义国家的敌对和共产主义阵营内的“动乱”。内因则着眼于国内社会主义建设过程中的多种影响因素，主要有毛泽东和中央领导层的决策和理论问题，多种社会思潮尤其是“左倾”思想的影响，国家战略任务的影响以及对集中动员体制的运用。

In the 60s of the 20 th century, China's socialist construction developed in a tortuous way in the course of exploration, and the rural people's commune movement came into being against this background. The reason for the initiation of the rural people's communization movement is the result of the intertwining of various factors at home and abroad, and the reasons for the initiation of the movement can be analyzed from the perspectives of external and internal factors. External factors refer to the international situation, which mainly consists mainly of the hostility of the capitalist countries and the "turmoil" within the communist camp. The internal factors focus on the various influencing factors in the process of socialist construction in China, mainly the decision-making and theoretical issues of Mao Zedong and the central leadership, the influence of various social trends of thought, especially the influence of "left-leaning" ideas, the influence of national strategic tasks, and the application of the centralized mobilization system.