新中国成立后，吉林省由于特殊的自然环境以及生产经济落后、科学技术发展迟滞，医疗卫生建设百废待兴，群众缺乏卫生防疫知识等原因，疫病曾大范围传播、蔓延，其中以鼠疫、天花尤为突出。这些疫病严重影响了省内人民的生命健康和日常生产生活。为此，中央和地方政府采取了一系列疫病防治措施，制定并践行“预防为主”的防疫政策，进行多种形式的防疫宣传教育，开展爱国卫生运动，组建卫生防疫机构和队伍等，逐步树立起大卫生大健康观，最终控制了吉林省疫病的流行。加强对吉林省疫病防治工作的研究，不仅有利于加深对吉林省卫生防疫事业的了解，而且为我国抗击新冠肺炎疫情提供借鉴，具有重要的实际意义。

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the special natural environment, backward production economy, slow development of science and technology, medical and health construction, and the lack of health and epidemic prevention knowledge among the people, epidemics in Jilin Province had spread and spread in a wide range, especially plague and smallpox. These diseases seriously affected the lives and health of the people in the province and daily production and life. Therefore, the central and local government adopted a series of disease prevention and control measures, and practice of "prevention first" epidemic prevention policy, for a variety of forms of epidemic prevention propaganda and education, to carry out the patriotic health campaign, building health and epidemic prevention agencies and team, etc., gradually set up big health health perspectives, finally the popularity of the Jilin province disease control. To strengthen the research on the prevention and control of the disease in Jilin Province is not only conducive to deepening the understanding of the health and epidemic prevention in Jilin province, but also provides reference for China to fight against the COVID-19 epidemic, which has important practical significance.