摘要/Abstract

1997年刑法典第20条第3款确立了特殊防卫权，目的就是为了更加有效的打击严重暴力犯罪，保护人民群众的生命财产安全。虽然特殊防卫是一个老生常谈的话题，但对其进行进一步分析仍有必要。本文从特殊防卫单独立法规定之重要性出发，驳斥取消特殊防卫之单独规定，将其融入防卫限度之规定的观点，同时对“行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重威胁人身安全的暴力犯罪”进行理解，并对特殊防卫主体进行剖析，探讨是否部分主体存在防卫限度问题，是否需要重构举证责任问题。

criminal code in 1997 established the special defense right, the purpose of it is to effectively combat serious violent crime, protect the safety of life and property of the people. Although the special defense is a old topic, but the further analysis is necessary. In this paper, starting from the importance of the special defense of independent legislation, reject the point of view to cancel the special defense of independent regulations then blend in the regulation of the defense limit, and at the same time analyzes the subjects of special defense, physical assault, murder, robbery, rape, kidnapping and other serious threat to the personal safety of violent crime, discusses defense problems limit in some circumstance, whether need to reconstruct the burden of proof.