摘要/Abstract

常用词演变研究是汉语词汇史领域需要探讨的重要课题之一 ,“矢、箭”就是一对有历时替换关系的常用实词，本文考察了“矢、箭”的历时更替情况，认为：作为一种武器的名称，在口语中“箭”取代“矢”在东汉中期以后就完成了，而在正统的文学语言中，这一过程则缓慢得多，直到唐代“箭”对“矢”的替代才大致完成。同时也揭示早期汉译佛经在汉语词汇史研究方面的重要价值。

Studying on high-frequence words’ evolution is one of the important subjects in the field of the historical study of Chinese vocabulary. 矢 and 箭were a group of high-frequence words which were used substitutively in the history of their evolution. Having reviewed their chronological substitution, the paper holds that矢and 箭 were both used in general before Qin dynasty, and that矢was on the whole, used much more often. From Qin dynasty to the end of East Han dynasty, 矢and 箭often appeared substitutively in the same position of the context, thus presented an interchangeable state. By the end of Han dynasty, the tendency showed that箭was taking the places of矢. In the Chinese version of Buddhist Scripture of East Han dynasty and Three States period, 箭 had completed the substitution of矢. The paper also reveals the great value of early Chinese version of Buddhist Scripture in the study of the history of Chinese vocabulary.