词汇语义偏移的语言图景解释
作者：徐涛
摘要/Abstract
语义偏移现象是很多自然语言存在的普遍现象，但不同的自然语言的语义偏移现象又存在着个性的差异。很多中外学者都对语义偏移现象进行过较为深入的研究，有些学者也部分地探讨了语义偏移现象的成因。然而，语义的偏移现象不仅仅是语言学的问题，它还要在某种程度上依靠客观世界中的百科知识来解释。语言范畴化的有界性、清晰性和客观世界中千差万别的事物的无界性、混沌性相互矛盾，这种矛盾性寓于语言的世界图景之中，是语义偏移的根本原因。
Lexical semantic deviation is a universal phenomenon existing in a large number of languages, though it’s different from language to language. Many linguists have studied this phenomenon, some of them even inquiring into the cause of lexical semantic deviation. However, lexical semantic deviation should be explained not only by linguistics, but also to some degree by encyclopedia knowledge in the objective world. The contradiction between the boundedness and discreteness of language categorization and the non-boundedness and fuzziness in the language world picture is the root cause of lexical semantic deviation.
